[Preliminary application of antibiotic bone cement directly inducing skin regeneration technology in repairing of wound in lateral toe flap donor area].

Objective: To investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of antibiotic bone cement directly inducing skin regeneration technology in the repairing of wound in the lateral toe flap donor area. Methods: Between June 2020 and February 2023, antibiotic bone cement directly inducing skin regeneration technology was used to repair lateral toe flap donor area in 10 patients with a total of 11 wounds, including 7 males and 3 females. The patients' age ranged from 21 to 63 years, with an average of 40.6 years. There were 3 cases of the distal segment of the thumb, 2 cases of the distal segment of the index finger, 1 case of the middle segment of the index and middle fingers, 1 case of the distal segment of the middle finger, and 3 cases of the distal segment of the ring finger. The size of the skin defect of the hand ranged from 2.4 cm×1.8 cm to 4.3 cm×3.4 cm. The disease duration ranged from 1 to 15 days, with an average of 6.9 days. The flap donor sites were located at fibular side of the great toe in 5 sites, tibial side of the second toe in 5 sites, and tibial side of the third toe in 1 site. The skin flap donor site wounds could not be directly sutured, with 2 cases having exposed tendons, all of which were covered with antibiotic bone cement. Results: All patients were followed up 6 months to 2 years, with an average of 14.7 months. All the 11 flaps survived and had good appearance. The wound healing time was 40-72 days, with an average of 51.7 days. There was no hypertrophic scar in the donor site, which was similar to the color of the surrounding normal skin; the appearance of the foot was good, and wearing shoes and walking of the donor foot were not affected. Conclusion: It is a feasible method to repair the wound in the lateral foot flap donor area with the antibiotic bone cement directly inducing skin regeneration technology. The wound heals spontaneously, the operation is simple, and there is no second donor site injury.

[The role of Schwann cells-like cells derived from human amniotic membrane mesenchymal stem cells transplantation in flap nerves regeneration].

Objective: Inducing human amniotic membrane mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) to Schwann cells-like cells (SCs-like cells) in vitro, and to evaluate the efficacy of transplantation of hAMSCs and SCs-like cells on nerves regeneration of the rat flaps. Methods: hAMSCs were isolated from placenta via two-step digestion and cultured by using trypsin and collagenase, then identified them by flow cytometry assay and immunofluorescence staining. The 3rd generation of hAMSCs cultured for 6 days were induced to SCs-like cells in vitro; at 19 days after induction, the levels of S-100, p75, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were detected by immunofluorescence staining, Western blot, and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR). The levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) were measured by ELISA in the supernatant of the 3rd generation of hAMSCs cultured for 6 days and the hAMSCs induced within 19 days. In addition, 75 female Sprague Dawley rats were taken to establish the rat denervated perforator flap model of the abdominal wall, and were divided into 3 groups ( n=25). The 3rd generation of hAMSCs (1×10 6 cells) in the proliferation period of culturing for 6 days, the SCs-like cells (1×10 6 cells), and equal volume PBS were injected subcutaneously in the skin flap of the rat in groups A, B, and C, respectively. At 2, 5, 7, 9, and 14 days after transplantation, 5 rats in each group were killed to harvest the flap frozen sections and observe the positive expression of neurofilament heavy polypeptide antibody (NF-01) by immunofluorescence staining. Results: The cells were identified as hAMSCs by flow cytometry assay and immunofluorescence staining. The results of immunofluorescence staining, Western blot, qPCR showed that the percentage of positive cells, protein expression, and gene relative expression of S-100, p75, and GFAP in SCs-like cells group were significantly higher than those in hAMSCs group ( P<0.05). The results of ELISA demonstrated that the expression of BDNF and NGF was significantly decreased after added induced liquid 1, and the level of BDNF and NGF increased gradually with the induction of liquids 2 and 3, and the concentration of BDNF and NGF was significantly higher than that of hAMSCs group ( P<0.05). Immunofluorescence staining showed that the number of regenerated nerve fibers in group B was higher than that in groups A and C after 5-14 days of transplantation. Conclusion: The hAMSCs can be induced into SCs-like cells with the proper chemical factor regulation in vitro, and a large number of promoting nerve growth factor were released during the process of differentiation, and nerve regeneration in flaps being transplanted the SCs-like cells was better than that in flaps being transplanted the hAMSCs, which through a large number of BDNF and NGF were released.

[Effects of atorvastatin and CoQ(10) on myocardial energy metabolism in rabbits with hypercholesterolemia].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the interventional effects of atorvastatin and CoQ(10) on myocardial energy metabolism in rabbits with hypercholesterolemia. METHODS: Forty male New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: i.e. normal control, high cholesterol, statin, coenzyme Q(10) 1 and coenzyme Q(10) 2. After feeding for 6 weeks, the fasting blood samples were collected through ear marginal vein and the serum level of total cholesterol was determined. Myocardium was sampled for ultrastructures by electron microscopy; high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to measure myocardial mitochondria adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and coenzyme CoQ(10). Ultraviolet spectrophotometry was used to measure the activities of mitochondrial complexes II and IV. RESULTS: In high cholesterol group, myocardial fibers were arrayed disorderly with partial rupture and dissolution. There was mitochondrial swelling with disorderly and fuzzy cristae. As compared with the controls, the activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes II and IV declined (5.39 ± 0.53 vs 12.95 ± 0.99, 1.89 ± 0.26 vs 6.65 ± 0.95, P < 0.01), the contents of mitochondrial ATP and CoQ(10) decreased (0.17 ± 0.05 vs 0.44 ± 0.06, 0.09 ± 0.02 vs 0.25 ± 0.04, P < 0.01); for statin group versus high cholesterol group, the activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes II and IV increased (9.12 ± 1.19 vs 5.39 ± 0.53, 4.61 ± 0.52 vs 1.89 ± 0.26, P < 0.01); the content differences of mitochondrial ATP and CoQ(10) were statistically insignificant. For CoQ(10) 1 group versus statin group, the differences of respiratory chain complexes II and IV were statistically insignificant; the contents of mitochondria ATP and CoQ(10) increased (0.35 ± 0.03 vs 0.16 ± 0.04, 0.17 ± 0.02 vs 0.07 ± 0.02, P < 0.01). For coenzyme Q(10) 2 group versus coenzyme Q(10) 1 group, none of the indices was statistically significant. CONCLUSION: High cholesterol can cause myocardial ultrastructural changes and impaired mitochondrial energy metabolism. Atorvastatin reduces the myocardial structural damage and the combination of atorvastatin and CoQ(10) may further improve the myocardial mitochondrial energy metabolism.